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About BPH (Enlarged Prostate)
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), also known as an enlarged prostate, is a common condition in aging men that can affect normal urinary function and quality of life.
Several effective treatment options are available, including medications, minimally invasive procedures, and surgery. The choice of treatment depends on your symptoms, prostate size, overall health, and your doctor’s recommendations.
At IMG Healthcare, we offer advanced diagnosis and treatment options for BPH, helping patients achieve effective symptom relief and improved quality of life.
What is Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)?
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), also known as an enlarged prostate, is a non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate gland that commonly occurs as men age. As the prostate grows, it can press against the urethra and interfere with the normal flow of urine.
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This may lead to symptoms such as difficulty starting urination, weak urine stream, incomplete bladder emptying, frequent urination, and increased nighttime urination. If left untreated, BPH can contribute to bladder, urinary tract, or kidney problems.
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Although BPH is not cancer, timely evaluation and appropriate treatment can help relieve symptoms and improve quality of life.
How Does BPH Occur?
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) mainly develops as a result of age-related hormonal changes that stimulate the growth of prostate tissue. As the prostate enlarges, it can compress the urethra and interfere with the normal flow of urine.
Factors such as increasing age, hormonal changes (including the role of dihydrotestosterone or DHT), family history, obesity, and certain lifestyle habits may increase the risk of developing BPH.
Causes and Risk Factors
Symptoms of BPH
While the exact cause of BPH is not fully understood, certain conditions may contribute to or mimic its symptoms and should be evaluated by a doctor:
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Urinary tract infection (UTI)
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Inflammation of the prostate (prostatitis)
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Urethral stricture (narrowing of the urethra)
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Bladder neck scarring from previous surgery
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Bladder or kidney stones
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Nerve disorders affecting bladder function
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Prostate or bladder cancer
The severity of symptoms can vary and often worsens gradually over time. Common symptoms include:
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Frequent or urgent need to urinate
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Increased urination at night (nocturia)
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Difficulty starting urination
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Weak or interrupted urine stream
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Dribbling at the end of urination​
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Feeling that the bladder does not empty completely
Less common symptoms may include:
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Recurrent urinary tract infections
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Inability to urinate (urinary retention)
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Blood in the urine (hematuria)
Diagnosis of BPH
To confirm Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) and rule out other conditions with similar symptoms, your doctor may recommend the following tests:
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Ultrasound: Imaging of the prostate helps assess its size and detect any abnormal growth.
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PSA (Prostate-Specific Antigen) Blood Test: Measures PSA levels to help evaluate prostate health and screen for possible prostate cancer.
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Urine Flow Test: Assesses the strength and rate of urine flow to understand the severity of blockage.
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Post-Void Residual Volume Test: Measures the amount of urine left in the bladder after urination using ultrasound or a catheter.
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24-Hour Voiding Diary: Records urination frequency and volume, especially useful for evaluating nighttime urination.
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Urine Test: Checks for infections or other urinary tract conditions.
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Blood Tests: Help evaluate kidney function and detect any underlying infection or abnormalities.
Complications of an Enlarged Prostate (BPH)
If left untreated, Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) can lead to several complications, including:
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Urinary retention: Sudden inability to pass urine, which may require catheterization or surgical treatment.
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Urinary tract infections (UTIs): Incomplete bladder emptying increases the risk of repeated infections.
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Bladder stones: Form due to stagnant urine in the bladder, leading to pain, infection, and blockage of urine flow.
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Bladder damage: Long-term overdistension of the bladder can weaken its muscles and reduce its ability to empty properly.
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Kidney damage: Increased pressure from urinary retention or infections can affect kidney function over time.
How to Prevent BPH?
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While BPH cannot always be completely prevented, certain lifestyle changes may help maintain prostate health and reduce the risk:
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Maintain a healthy body weight through regular exercise and a balanced diet
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Eat more fruits and vegetables to support overall urinary and prostate health
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Limit red meat and processed foods in your diet
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Avoid unnecessary supplements without medical advice
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Stay physically active and maintain a healthy lifestyle
BPH SPECIALISTS DOCTORS
Dr. ABCD
MBBS,
10 yrs of experience
Dr. ABCD
MBBS,
10 yrs of experience
Dr. ABCD
MBBS,
10 yrs of experience
Surgery for BPH (Enlarged Prostate)
Surgery for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is recommended when medications are not effective or symptoms become severe. The type of procedure depends on prostate size, overall health, age, and severity of symptoms.
Common surgical options include minimally invasive and laser-based techniques. In most procedures, the surgeon inserts a special instrument through the urethra to reach the prostate and remove or reduce the excess tissue causing blockage. This helps improve urine flow and relieve symptoms.
The procedure is usually performed under anesthesia to ensure comfort and minimal pain.
Laser Treatment
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Laser Treatment for BPH (Enlarged Prostate) :Laser surgery is an advanced treatment option for BPH that uses high-energy laser technology to remove or shrink excess prostate tissue. It helps improve urine flow with minimal bleeding and faster recovery compared to traditional surgery.
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Photoselective Vaporization of the Prostate (PVP) : PVP uses a high-powered laser to vaporize enlarged prostate tissue. It is usually a day-care procedure, allowing most patients to go home the same day. This technique is associated with minimal blood loss and quicker recovery.
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Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate (HoLEP) : IIn HoLEP, a thin instrument (resectoscope) is inserted through the urethra, and a laser is used to remove excess prostate tissue without external cuts. It is performed under anesthesia, and a catheter may be placed temporarily after surgery.
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Thulium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate (ThuLEP) : ThuLEP is similar to HoLEP but uses a different type of laser. It removes enlarged prostate tissue through the urethra without any incision and is performed under anesthesia for a safe and precise procedure.